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III

ABSTRACT

This research studies theoretical factors related to environmental
perception, residential community needs, design of healing environment, and
universal design which have effects on elderly perceptions and needs. Research
methodology begins with observations and interviews at three case studies in terms
of management processes and environment designs of existing similar projects in
Thailand. The interview results were taken to summarize with the related theories
and literatures. Questionnaire surveys were created for data collection to confirm
the factors in needs of residential community from a group of Thai elderly.
Structural equation models (SEM) were formulated to explain cause-effect factors in
needs of the residential community in the elderlies. The research found, the needs
of residential community in Thai elderlies were classified to be three groups by a
technique of the factor analysis. The factors comprise of 1) needs of general
facilities and activities 2) needs of facilities related to health and security, and 3)
needs of facilities related to physical exercise in the residential community. Results
from the SEM found, factor related to elderly characteristics (health, education
level, and economic status) have a direct effect on needs of residential community.
The SEM results combine together with the theories of healing environment and
universal design lead to formulating policies in design and management of the
residential community where enhance quality of life in both physical and mental of
the Thai elderly. The policies were discussed in the result of the research.

Keywords: Elderly, Healing Environment, Universal Design, Residential Community